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1.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 71(4): 288-295, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405466

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between the work context and the presence of Minor Psychiatric Disorders (MPD) in Civil Police officers from Porto Alegre, Brazil. Methods: This is a mixed, sequential and exploratory study. The sample was constituted by 237 police officers for the quantitative stage, and 20 for the qualitative stage. General worker's data, lifestyle and information about the work were asked, and the Self-Report Questionnaire-20 instrument was applied. In the qualitative stage, semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis were carried out. For quantitative data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: The prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders was 26.2% (n = 62). Accelerated work pace (PR = 1.535; 95%CI = 0.911-2.605), health treatment (PR = 1.752; 95%CI = 0.987-3.010) and psychological treatment (PR = 2.704; 95%CI = 1.604-4.516) were associated with a higher prevalence of MPD. While, police officers with the following characteristics: most motivation at work (PR = 0.721; 95%CI = 0.579-0.897), more eight hours of sleep per day (PR = 0.747; 95%CI = 0.574-0.971), healthy eating (PR = 0.545; 95%CI = 0.320-0.946) and having children (PR = 0.731; 95%CI = 0.523-0.986) were associated with a lower prevalence of MPD. In the qualitative stage, two categories and four subcategories emerged related to the work context and the psychiatric changes in the police officers: "Work context of the Civil Police" and "Work and psychiatric changes". Conclusion: A high prevalence of MPDs was evidenced, as well as their association with the work context.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre o contexto de trabalho e a presença de Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores (DPM) em Policiais Civis de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo misto, sequencial e exploratório. A amostra foi de 237 policiais para a etapa quantitativa e de 20 para a etapa qualitativa. O instrumento de pesquisa continha dados gerais do trabalhador e do estilo de vida, informações laborais e o Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20. Na etapa qualitativa, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise temática. Para os dados quantitativos, utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: A prevalência de distúrbios psiquiátricos menores foi de 26,2% (n = 62). As variáveis ritmo de trabalho acelerado (RP = 1,535; IC95% = 0,911-2,605), tratamento de saúde (RP = 1,752; IC95% = 0,987-3,010) e tratamento psicológico (RP = 2,704; IC95% = 1,604-4,516) associaram-se a maior prevalência de DPM. Os policiais com maior motivação no trabalho (RP = 0,721; IC95% = 0,579-0,897), mais de oito horas de sono por dia (RP = 0,747; IC95% = 0,574-0,971), alimentação saudável (RP = 0,545; IC95% = 0,320-0,946) e com filhos (RP = 0,731; IC95% = 0,523-0,986) associaram-se a menor prevalência de DPM. Na etapa qualitativa, emergiram duas categorias e quatro subcategorias relacionadas ao contexto de trabalho e às mudanças psiquiátricas nos policiais: "Contexto de trabalho da Polícia Civil" e "Trabalho e mudanças psiquiátricas". Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a alta prevalência de DPM, bem como sua associação com o contexto de trabalho.

2.
RFO UPF ; 26(2): 191-197, 20210808. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1443772

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: determinar a prevalência da disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) em pacientes de uma clínica escola de Odontologia, descrever o perfil epidemiológico da amostra analisada, caracterizar o grau dessas disfunções e identificar os sinais e sintomas orofaciais mais frequentes. Método: estudo epidemiológico, do tipo transversal, que avaliou pacientes da Clínica Escola de Odontologia da Universidade de Rio Verde, GO. A pesquisa foi realizada através de três questionários: Índice Anamnésico Simplificado de Fonseca (IASF), Questionário para Triagem para Dor Orofacial (QTDO), questionário sociodemográfico e econômico. Resultados: foram analisados 200 pacientes, dentre os quais 78,5% apresentaram algum grau de DTM, sendo o mais prevalente a DTM de leve intensidade, presente em 38% da amostra. Conclusão: nesse cenário, conclui- -se que a maioria dos participantes apresentou DTM, sendo que a intervenção multidisciplinar seria de suma relevância no tratamento, podendo oferecer uma abordagem mais completa e com melhores resultados.(AU)


Objectives: to determine the prevalence of TMD in patients at a dental school clinic, as well as describe its epidemiological profile for the evaluated sample, characterizing the degree of this dysfunction and identifying the most frequent orofacial signs and symptoms. Method: it is an epidemiological, cross-sectional study that evaluated patients at the School of Dentistry clinic, University of Rio Verde, GO, Brazil. The study was carried out using three questionnaires: Simplified Fonseca Anamnesis Index (SFAI), Orofacial Pain Screening Questionnaire (OPSQ), and the socio-demographic and economic questionnaire. Results: 200 patients were evaluated, among which 78.5% had some degree of TMD, the most prevalent being mild TMD, present in 38% of the sample. Conclusion: most participants had TMD, and multidisciplinary intervention would be of paramount importance in the treatment, being able to offer a more complete approach and with better results.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Schools, Dental/statistics & numerical data , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome/diagnosis , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Pain Measurement , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sex Distribution , Dental Clinics/statistics & numerical data
3.
Clinics ; 73: e161, 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890761

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Erythropoietin may have neuroprotective potential after ischemia of the central nervous system. Here, we conducted a study to characterize the protective effects of erythropoietin on retinal ganglion cells and gliotic reactions in an experimentally induced oligemia model. METHODS: Rats were subjected to global oligemia by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and then received either vehicle or erythropoietin via intravitreal injection after 48 h; they were euthanized one week after the injection. The densities of retinal ganglion cells and contents of glial fibrillary acidic protein (astrocytes/Müller cells) and cluster of differentiation 68 clone ED1 (microglia/macrophages), assessed by fluorescence intensity, were evaluated in frozen retinal sections by immunofluorescence and epifluorescence microscopy. RESULTS: Retinal ganglion cells were nearly undetectable one week after oligemia compared with the sham controls; however, these cells were partially preserved in erythropoietin-treated retinas. The contents of glial fibrillary acidic protein and cluster of differentiation 68 clone ED1, markers for reactive gliosis, were significantly higher in retinas after bilateral common carotid artery occlusion than those in both sham and erythropoietin-treated retinas. CONCLUSIONS: The number of partially preserved retinal ganglion cells in the erythropoietin-treated group suggests that erythropoietin exerts a neuroprotective effect on oligemic/ischemic retinas. This effect could be related to the down-modulation of glial reactivity, usually observed in hypoxic conditions, clinically observed during glaucoma or retinal artery occlusion conditions. Therefore, glial reactivity may enhance neurodegeneration in hypoxic conditions, like normal-tension glaucoma and retinal ischemia, and erythropoietin is thus a candidate to be clinically applied after the detection of decreased retinal blood flow.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Retinal Ganglion Cells/drug effects , Erythropoietin/pharmacology , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/drug effects , Retinal Diseases/pathology , Cell Count , Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Carotid Artery, Common/surgery , Carotid Artery Injuries/surgery , Disease Models, Animal , Ectodysplasins/drug effects
4.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 26(2): 339-348, abr.-jun. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-953315

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: avaliar o sistema Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial (GAL) como fonte de dados para a Vigilância Sentinela da Síndrome Gripal (VSSG), no Brasil, nos anos de 2011 e 2012. MÉTODOS: estudo de avaliação do GAL a partir da análise dos atributos simplicidade, flexibilidade, qualidade dos dados, aceitabilidade, representatividade, oportunidade, estabilidade do sistema e sua utilidade para a VSSG, com base no guia de avaliação de sistema de vigilância em saúde pública do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta/GA, Estados Unidos). RESULTADOS: nos anos de 2011 e 2012, foram registrados 13.765 exames de vírus respiratórios. O GAL mostrou-se simples de estrutura, flexível às mudanças, com boa qualidade de dados, aceitabilidade e oportunidade no acesso aos resultados dos exames, tendo sido representativo e estável em 23 estados. CONCLUSÃO: o sistema é útil no atendimento aos objetivos da VSSG; contudo, recomenda-se realizar ajustes e incentivar a adesão dos estados que não o utilizam.


OBJETIVO: evaluar el Sistema Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial (GAL) como fuente de datos para la vigilancia centinela de la enfermedad tipo influenza (VCETI). MÉTODOS: estudio de evaluación de GAL a partir del análisis de los atributos simplicidad, flexibilidad, calidad de datos, aceptabilidad, representatividad, oportunidad, estabilidad del sistema y su utilidad para VCETI, utilizando los criterios de la guía de evaluación del Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta/GA, EUA). RESULTADOS: el análisis utilizó datos de 2011-2012, en total 13.765 exámenes de virus respiratorios. El GAL demostró tener una estructura simple, flexibilidad al cambio, buena calidad de datos, aceptabilidad y oportunidad en el acceso a los resultados de las pruebas, siendo representativo y estable en 23 de los 27 estados. CONCLUSIÓN: el sistema es útil en el cumplimiento de los objetivos de la vigilancia, sin embargo, se recomienda hacer ajustes y fomentar la adhesión de los Estados que no lo utilizan.


OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the Brazilian Laboratorial Environment Management System (GAL) as a data source for the Sentinel Surveillance of Influenza-Like Illness (SSILI). METHODS: this is an evaluation study of GAL, through the analysis of its simplicity, flexibility, data quality, acceptability, representativeness, timeliness, stability and usefulness for SSILI, based on the guide for system evaluation in public health of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta/GA, USA). RESULTS: in 2011 and 2012, a total of 13,765 exams for respiratory viruses were registered. GAL presented simple structure, flexibility to changes, good data quality, acceptability and timeliness in the access to test results, being representative and stable in 23 Brazilian states. CONCLUSION: the system is useful in meeting the goals of SSILI; however, there are some recommendations for adjustments and for encouraging the adherence by the states that do not use the system yet.


Subject(s)
Health Evaluation , Information Systems , Sentinel Surveillance , Influenza, Human , Evaluation Study
5.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 22(3): 525-529, set. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-690437

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: apresentar o relato da experiência de implantação do sistema Gerenciador de Ambiente Laboratorial (GAL) como ferramenta de monitoramento e controle de exames laboratoriais, essencial à gestão e ao acompanhamento dos programas de saúde pública brasileira. Métodos: o GAL foi proposto como ferramenta de monitoramento e controle de exames laboratoriais, essencial à gestão e ao acompanhamento dos programas de saúde pública brasileira. O relato foi elaborado a partir de pesquisa documental. Resultados: o GAL tem favorecido a comunicação da informação, fornecendo subsídios para a melhoria na divulgação dos resultados dos ensaios e exames diagnósticos e planos estratégicos na área de saúde. Conclusão: após a implantação do GAL, houve uma melhora substancial na forma de gestão da informação adotada pelos laboratórios de saúde pública.


Objective: to present a report on the experience of implanting the Laboratory Environment Management (GAL) system as a tool for monitoring and controlling laboratory tests. Methods: GAL has been proposed as a tool for monitoring and controlling laboratory tests, vital to the management and monitoring of public health programs in Brazil. The report was compiled from documentary research. Results: GAL has favoured the communication of information, providing input for improving the dissemination of assay and diagnostic test results as well as strategic plans for health. Conclusion: following GAL’s implantation, there has been a substantial improvement in information management by public health laboratories.


Subject(s)
Disease Notification , Population Surveillance , Public Health Laboratory Services , Clinical Laboratory Information Systems/organization & administration
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